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التهاب الأوتار التكلسي

03/19/2025By: Mustafa
التهاب الأوتار التكلسي

ما هو التهاب الأوتار التكلسي؟

يحدث التهاب الأوتار التكلسي بسبب تراكم الكالسيوم في الأوتار. يمكن أن تتراكم هذه الترسبات الكالسيومية في منطقة واحدة أو قد تحدث في أكثر من موقع. إذا نمت الترسبات أو أصبحت متهيجة، يمكن أن تسبب ألمًا شديدًا. يؤثر التهاب الأوتار التكلسي في أغلب الأحيان على الكتف — أو الكفة المدورة — رغم أنه يمكن أن يحدث في أي مكان في الجسم.

ما الفرق بين التهاب الأوتار التكلسي والتهاب الأوتار في الكفة المدورة؟

التهاب الأوتار في الكفة المدورة — المعروف أيضًا باسم التندونوز — يرتبط بالتهاب الجراب (bursa) وتلف الأوتار في الكتف. الجراب هو كيس رقيق مبطن بالغشاء يساعد الأوتار على التحرك عبر الهياكل الأخرى. أما التهاب الأوتار التكلسي، فلا يؤثر بشكل مباشر على الجراب، ولكن قد يصبح الجراب ملتهبًا بسبب تراكم الكالسيوم في الأوتار.

هل لدي التهاب الأوتار التكلسي أم الكتف المتجمد؟

بينما يشير التهاب الأوتار التكلسي إلى تراكم الكالسيوم في الأوتار، فإن الكتف المتجمد هو حالة تتميز بالألم والصلابة. في بعض الحالات، قد يرتبط التهاب الأوتار التكلسي بالكتف المتجمد.

من يتأثر بالتهاب الأوتار التكلسي؟

الأشخاص الذين تتراوح أعمارهم بين 40 و 60 عامًا لديهم خطر أكبر للإصابة بالتهاب الأوتار التكلسي. كما أن النساء أكثر عرضة قليلاً للإصابة مقارنة بالرجال. يمكن أن يحدث التهاب الأوتار التكلسي لأي شخص ولا يرتبط بأي نشاط معين.

كيف يؤثر التهاب الأوتار التكلسي على جسمي؟

بعض الأشخاص الذين يعانون من التهاب الأوتار التكلسي لا يطورون ألمًا. ومع ذلك، إذا أصبحت الترسبات الكالسيومية في الأوتار متهيجة، فقد يتسبب ذلك في شعور شديد بعدم الراحة. بالنسبة لبعض المرضى، يؤدي ذلك في النهاية إلى الألم والصلابة.

ما هي مراحل التهاب الأوتار التكلسي؟

يحدث التهاب الأوتار التكلسي في ثلاث مراحل، تشمل: المرحلة ما قبل التكلسية: في هذه المرحلة الأولية، يتسبب الحركة في ألم وتصبح حركة المفصل محدودة. تتغير المنطقة على المستوى الخلوي. المرحلة التكلسية: يتم إفراز الكالسيوم من الخلايا، مكونًا ترسبات الكالسيوم. بعد فترة، يبدأ الجسم في امتصاص الترسبات. يمكن أن تتسبب هذه المرحلة في عدم راحة كبيرة. المرحلة ما بعد التكلسية: في هذه المرحلة، يتم استبدال الترسبات بنسيج صحي. تبدأ حركة المفصل في التحسن.

هل التهاب الأوتار التكلسي شكل من أشكال التهاب المفاصل؟

لا. التهاب الأوتار التكلسي هو التهاب في الأوتار، بينما التهاب المفاصل هو التهاب وتلف في المفصل نفسه. قد يتم الخلط بين التهاب الأوتار التكلسي و مرض ترسب ثنائي هيدرات فوسفات الكالسيوم (CPPD أو pseudogout) — وهو نوع من التهاب المفاصل حيث تتشكل بلورات فوسفات الكالسيوم في المفاصل.

ما الذي يسبب التهاب الأوتار التكلسي؟

يمكن أن يؤدي التقدم في العمر والتآكل والتلف إلى حدوث التهاب الأوتار التكلسي في النهاية. ومع ذلك، لا يعرف الخبراء الطبيون السبب الدقيق وراء تطور هذه الحالة لدى بعض الأشخاص وعدم حدوثها لدى الآخرين.

ما هي أعراض التهاب الأوتار التكلسي؟

قد يعاني الأشخاص المصابون بالتهاب الأوتار التكلسي من مجموعة من الأعراض المختلفة. وتشمل هذه: ألم مفاجئ في الكتف أو تصلب. ألم شديد عند تحريك الكتف. ألم حاد يعطل النوم. تقييد نطاق الحركة. تحسس الكفة المدورة.

التشخيص والاختبارات

كيف يتم تشخيص التهاب الأوتار التكلسي؟ سيقوم مقدم الرعاية الصحية بفحص كتفك، وسؤالك عن أعراضك، ومراجعة تاريخك الطبي. قد يتم إحالتك إلى أخصائي جراحة العظام لإجراء اختبارات إضافية. ما هي الاختبارات التي سيتم إجراؤها لتشخيص التهاب الأوتار التكلسي؟ بعد فحص نطاق حركة الكتف، قد يطلب مقدم الرعاية الصحية إجراء اختبارات تصوير، وتشمل هذه: الأشعة السينية. التصوير بالرنين المغناطيسي (MRI). الأمواج فوق الصوتية (Ultrasound

الإدارة والعلاج

ما هو علاج التهاب الأوتار التكلسي؟ يمكن علاج معظم حالات التهاب الأوتار التكلسي من خلال حقن الستيرويد، العلاج الطبيعي، و الأدوية غير الستيرويدية المضادة للالتهابات (NSAIDs). تشمل العلاجات الأخرى لالتهاب الأوتار التكلسي: علاج الموجات الصدمية الخارجية (ESWT): يقدم هذا العلاج موجات صدمية للأوتار المصابة لتقليل الألم وتعزيز الشفاء. علاج الموجات الصدمية الشعاعية (RSWT): مشابه لـ ESWT، يركز RSWT أيضًا على تقليل الألم وتعزيز الشفاء. يستخدم RSWT تقنية مختلفة لتوليد الموجات الصدمية، لكن العلاجات تعطي نفس النتائج. علاج الغسيل: خلال هذا العلاج، يقوم مقدم الرعاية الصحية بإدخال إبرة مباشرة في ترسب الكالسيوم، ثم يتم حقن محلول ملحي لتفتيته. الأمواج فوق الصوتية العلاجية: باستخدام جهاز محمول باليد، يقوم مقدم الرعاية الصحية بتوجيه الموجات الصوتية عالية التردد إلى المنطقة المستهدفة. يساعد ذلك في تفتيت ترسبات الكالسيوم. الجراحة: في الحالات الشديدة، تكون الجراحة ضرورية لإزالة الترسبات الكالسيومية يدويًا. حوالي 10% من الأشخاص الذين يعانون من التهاب الأوتار التكلسي يحتاجون إلى الجراحة.

هل هناك آثار جانبية للعلاج؟

تعتمد الآثار الجانبية على نوع العلاج الذي يتم تنفيذه. معظم الخيارات غير الجراحية لها آثار جانبية طفيفة قد تشمل انزعاجًا مؤقتًا وتورمًا. المرضى الذين يخضعون للجراحة لعلاج التهاب الأوتار التكلسي لديهم مخاطر صغيرة تشمل: العدوى. رد فعل تجاه التخدير العام. الكتف المتجمد.

كم من الوقت يستغرق التعافي من جراحة التهاب الأوتار التكلسي؟

في معظم الحالات، يستغرق التعافي بعد جراحة التهاب الأوتار التكلسي حوالي ستة أسابيع. قد تحتاج إلى ارتداء رباط ذراع للحفاظ على كتفك من التحرك بشكل مفرط.

كيف يمكنني إدارة أعراض التهاب الأوتار التكلسي في المنزل؟

قد يصاحب التهاب الأوتار التكلسي ألم خفيف أو شديد. يمكنك إدارة معظم الأعراض الخفيفة باستخدام: الراحة. الحرارة والثلج. مسكنات الألم التي تباع بدون وصفة طبية، مثل الإيبوبروفين أو نابروكسين الصوديوم.

الوقاية

كيف يمكنني تقليل خطر الإصابة بالتهاب الأوتار التكلسي؟ على الرغم من أنه لا يمكن الوقاية تمامًا من التهاب الأوتار التكلسي، هناك خطوات يمكن أن تساعد في تقليل الخطر. على سبيل المثال، إذا شعرت بألم في كتفك، يجب ألا تشارك في أي أنشطة مرهقة حتى يتم فحصها من قبل مقدم الرعاية الصحية.

* All articles published on this blog are sourced from various websites and are provided for informational purposes only. They should not be considered as confirmed studies or accurate information. Please verify the information independently before relying on it.
  • <p><a href="https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21638-calcific-tendonitis" target="_blank">https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21638-calcific-tendonitis</a><br></p>

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التهاب الأوتار التكلسي