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عدوى الأظافر (التهاب الجلد حول الأظافر)

03/26/2025By: Mustafa
عدوى الأظافر (التهاب الجلد حول الأظافر)

ما هي شيوع التهاب الأظافر؟

عد التهاب الأظافر من الحالات الشائعة للأظافر. يمكن لأي شخص أن يصاب بعدوى الأظافر البكتيرية، ولكنه أكثر شيوعًا بين الأشخاص الذين: يتعرضون للمهيجات: يمكن للمنظفات والمواد الكيميائية الأخرى أن تهيج الجلد وتؤدي إلى عدوى في سرير الأظفر. الأشخاص الذين يعملون بالمواد الكيميائية ولا يرتدون القفازات الواقية يكون لديهم خطر أكبر. يقضمون أظافرهم أو جلود الأظافر: قد يؤدي قضم الأظافر أو التقاط الجلد المحيط بالأظافر إلى تكوين شقوق صغيرة في الأظافر أو جروح في الجلد. قد تدخل البكتيريا إلى الجلد من خلال هذه الجروح الصغيرة. لديهم حالات جلدية معينة: الأشخاص الذين لديهم حالات جلدية معينة قد يكونون أكثر عرضة للإصابة بعدوى الأظافر. يعملون مع الماء: الأشخاص الذين يعملون في وظائف تتطلب بقاء أيديهم مبللة، مثل العاملين في الحانات وغسالة الصحون، يكون لديهم خطر أكبر للإصابة بالتهاب الأظافر. الأعراض والأسباب ما هي أعراض عدوى الأظافر (التهاب الجلد حول الأظافر)؟ تظهر أعراض التهاب الأظافر عادةً خلال عدة ساعات أو أيام. في بعض الأحيان قد تستغرق الأعراض وقتًا أطول لتظهر. تظهر الأعراض في المكان الذي يلتقي فيه الأظفر مع الجلد (الجلد المحيط بالأظفر وجلد الأظفر). يمكن أن تتأثر جوانب الأظفر أيضًا.

الأعراض والأسباب

ما هي أعراض عدوى الأظافر (التهاب الجلد حول الأظافر)؟ تظهر أعراض التهاب الأظافر عادةً خلال عدة ساعات أو أيام. في بعض الأحيان قد تستغرق الأعراض وقتًا أطول لتظهر. تظهر الأعراض في المكان الذي يلتقي فيه الأظفر مع الجلد (الجلد المحيط بالأظفر وجلد الأظفر). يمكن أن تتأثر جوانب الأظفر أيضًا. تشمل أعراض التهاب الأظافر: ألم وتورم وحساسية حول الأظفر. الجلد الأحمر والدافئ عند اللمس. قيح يتجمع تحت الجلد. قد يتشكل خراج مملوء بالقيح أبيض إلى أصفر. إذا تشكل الخراج، فقد يتطلب المضادات الحيوية و/أو التصريف. إذا تُركت العدوى دون علاج، قد يبدأ الأظفر بالنمو بشكل غير طبيعي وقد يحتوي على نتوءات أو تموجات. قد يظهر الأظفر باللون الأصفر أو الأخضر، وقد يصبح جافًا وهشًا. يمكن أن ينفصل الأظفر عن سرير الأظفر ويسقط. ما الذي يسبب التهاب الأظافر؟ يحدث التهاب الأظافر المعدي في الغالب نتيجة لعدوى بكتيرية من المكورات العنقودية. تسبب بكتيريا المكورات العنقودية الذهبية هذه العدوى. قد تسبب بكتيريا أخرى (مثل المكورات العقدية) العدوى أيضًا. تدخل البكتيريا إلى الجلد من خلال: الجروح أو الجلد المكسور أو الجروح الناتجة عن الجروح الصغيرة. الأظافر المنغرسة (يحدث هذا في أغلب الأحيان مع الأظافر المنغرسة في القدم). التهيج الناتج عن الماء أو المواد الكيميائية. الإصابة بصدمة في منطقة سرير الأظفر أو الجلد المحيط بالأظفر. قد تكون الصدمة ناتجة عن حوادث أو قضم الأظافر أو عمليات تجميل الأظافر المتكررة. بعض الأدوية قد تسبب أيضًا التهاب الأظافر، بما في ذلك الأدوية المضادة للبكتيريا أو الأدوية المخصصة لعلاج السرطان أو الأدوية المضادة للفيروسات. ما هي أنواع التهاب الأظافر؟ هناك نوعان من التهاب الأظافر، كلاهما لهما أعراض مشابهة: التهاب الأظافر الحاد: تظهر أعراض التهاب الأظافر الحاد خلال ساعات أو أيام قليلة. العدوى تكون فقط في الجلد المحيط بالأظفر ولا تمتد أعمق إلى داخل الإصبع أو القدم. تختفي الأعراض مع العلاج وتستمر أقل من ستة أسابيع. التهاب الأظافر المزمن: تظهر الأعراض بشكل أبطأ مقارنةً بالتهاب الأظافر الحاد، وعادة ما تستمر لمدة ستة أسابيع أو أكثر. قد تصاب عدة أصابع أو أصابع قدم في نفس الوقت. قد يحدث فطر الأظافر (غالبًا من نوع الفطر المسمى الكانديدا) جنبًا إلى جنب مع العدوى البكتيرية. التشخيص والاختبارات كيف يتم تشخيص التهاب الأظافر؟ سوف يسألك مقدم الرعاية الصحية عن أعراضك ويقوم بإجراء فحص جسدي. عادةً لا يحتاج مقدمو الرعاية الصحية إلى إجراء اختبارات لتشخيص عدوى الأظافر. في بعض الأحيان، قد يأخذ مقدمو الرعاية عينة من الأنسجة ويرسلونها إلى المختبر لاختبار الأسباب المعدية المحددة مثل البكتيريا أو الفطريات. نادرًا، إذا كانت العدوى شديدة، قد يطلب مقدمو الرعاية تصويرًا (مثل الأشعة السينية) للتحقق من وجود عدوى في العظم الأساسي. الإدارة والعلاج هل يمكنني علاج التهاب الأظافر في المنزل؟ قد تتمكن من علاج الحالات البسيطة من التهاب الأظافر في المنزل. اغمر المنطقة المصابة في ماء دافئ لمدة حوالي 15 دقيقة عدة مرات في اليوم. تأكد من تجفيف المنطقة جيدًا. يساعد غمر الجلد المحيط بالأظفر وسرير الأظفر في تصريف القيح تحت الجلد. إذا لم تتحسن الأعراض بعد يومين أو أكثر من العلاجات المنزلية، راجع مقدم الرعاية الصحية. قد تحتاج إلى علاج آخر، مثل المضادات الحيوية، للتخلص من العدوى ومساعدتك في الشفاء. قد تحتاج أيضًا إلى إجراءات طفيفة مثل التصريف إذا كان قد تكون قد تكونت خراج. ما هو علاج عدوى الأظافر (التهاب الجلد حول الأظافر)؟ تختفي معظم عدوى الأظافر البكتيرية مع المضادات الحيوية. تقوم هذه الأدوية بقتل البكتيريا المسببة للعدوى. تأكد من اتباع تعليمات مقدم الرعاية الصحية وإتمام دورة المضادات الحيوية بالكامل حتى لا تعود العدوى. إذا تراكم القيح حول سرير الأظفر ولم يتم تصريفه من تلقاء نفسه، قد يقوم مقدم الرعاية بتصريف القيح. بعد تنظيف المنطقة، يقوم مقدم الرعاية بعمل شق صغير لكي يتمكن القيح من التصريف. يتم وضع شاش معقم على الشق. يجب عليك الحفاظ على نظافة المنطقة واستبدال الشاش عند الحاجة.

الوقاية

هل يمكنني الوقاية من عدوى الأظافر (التهاب الجلد حول الأظافر)؟ لتجنب عدوى الأظافر، يجب عليك: تجنب قضم أظافرك أو تقطيع الجلد المحيط بالأظافر. لا تلتقط جلد الأظافر. كن حذرًا عند تقليم أظافرك حتى لا تقطعها بشكل قصير جدًا. عند تقليم الجلد المحيط بالأظفر، تجنب تقطيعه بالقرب من جلد الأظفر. الحفاظ على النظافة الجيدة من خلال غسل يديك والحفاظ على نظافة أظافرك. استخدم صابونًا لطيفًا لا يهيج الجلد. استخدم مرطبًا على الجلد المحيط بالأظفر إذا كان الجلد جافًا. يمكن أن يسبب الجفاف المفرط تمزق الجلد. ارتدِ قفازات مائية إذا كنت تعمل مع المواد الكيميائية أو إذا كانت يديك مبللة لفترة طويلة. التوقعات / التشخيص ما هي التوقعات للأشخاص الذين يعانون من التهاب الأظافر؟ يتم شفاء التهاب الأظافر عادةً مع العلاج. قد يصاب بعض الأشخاص بعدوى متعددة، أو قد تعود العدوى بعد العلاج (التهاب الأظافر المزمن). إذا تُركت العدوى دون علاج، قد تسبب ضررًا في الأظفر. نادرًا ما ينتقل التهاب الأظافر غير المعالج إلى أعمق في الإصبع أو القدم ويؤدي إلى عدوى خطيرة. قد

* All articles published on this blog are sourced from various websites and are provided for informational purposes only. They should not be considered as confirmed studies or accurate information. Please verify the information independently before relying on it.

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