introduction

What is influenza? Influenza is a common viral infection that affects the respiratory system. It is caused by several types of viruses, and is considered one of the leading causes of winter illnesses. Influenza can cause symptoms such as fever, cough, congestion, and muscle aches. History of influenza The history of influenza spans decades, with the first cases of influenza being recorded in the 18th century, and since then, the world has witnessed many pandemics. The most famous of these was the Spanish flu pandemic of 1918, which killed millions of people. These pandemics contributed to increased research and development in the field of vaccines and treatments, which helped to combat viruses more effectively.

Flu symptoms

Common symptoms of influenza Common symptoms of influenza include sudden fever, dry cough, sore throat, runny or stuffy nose, and muscle aches. The infected person may feel very tired and have a headache. These symptoms usually appear suddenly and last for several days, requiring rest and appropriate treatment. Age groups most at risk of influenza Children, the elderly, and pregnant women are most at risk of contracting influenza. Their immune systems may be less effective, which increases the chances of developing health complications. Therefore, it is important for them to receive vaccinations and regular checkups to maintain their health.

Influenza transmission

How is the flu virus transmitted? The flu virus is mainly transmitted through droplets produced when infected people cough or sneeze. These droplets can remain carrying the virus for a short time in the air, making it easy for people to spread the virus between people nearby. In addition, the virus can remain on surfaces for a period of time, making touching contaminated surfaces a way to transmit the virus. Preventing Flu Transmission To prevent the spread of the flu, individuals should wash their hands frequently and use hand sanitizer. In addition, they should avoid close contact with infected people and cover their mouths when coughing or sneezing. It is also important to receive the annual flu vaccine to reduce the risk of contracting the virus.

Diagnosis of influenza

Methods of diagnosing influenza Diagnosis of influenza is based on the clinical symptoms that the patient shows, such as fever, cough, and body aches. Doctors evaluate the medical history and information about the symptoms to determine whether there is a possibility of infection with the virus. Laboratory tests used to determine influenza In some cases, doctors may need to conduct laboratory tests to confirm the diagnosis. These tests include PCR tests and antigen tests, which help determine the presence of the influenza virus in a sample taken from the respiratory tract. These tests provide quick and accurate results, which helps in developing an appropriate treatment plan.

Influenza treatment

Treatments for influenza When influenza is diagnosed, doctors can prescribe antiviral medications such as oseltamivir or zanamivir, which can help reduce the duration and severity of the illness if taken early. Pain relievers can also be used to relieve symptoms such as fever and muscle aches. Self-care and home remedies to relieve flu symptoms Self-care can help relieve symptoms, such as rest and drinking warm fluids. Using antihistamines or nasal sprays may help relieve nasal congestion. It is also recommended to avoid going to school or work to reduce the spread of the infection.