Iraqi researcher Dr. Abdullah Ibrahim believes that "it is right to describe the state of the exile as a permanent 'moral misery.' The exile is one who has been uprooted from the place where they were born for some reason and has failed to build bridges of integration with the place they are now in. Their life is tense, their fate is ambiguous, they are constantly eroding, and they soon fade away in the direct sense only to glow again in the symbolic sense."

• Subject: Literary Criticism
• Author: Abdullah Ibrahim
• Year of Publication: 2012
• Publisher: The Arab Institute for Studies and Publishing
• Category: Literature and Arts