'Tribes of Sham' is a book examining the geography, history, and culture of the Sham desert, along with Bedouin social norms, customs, laws, and the lineages of both settled and nomadic tribes in detail across each province and district. The book is two parts in one volume. The first part covers various topics, including literature about Bedouins, the geography of their lands, their history, tribal divisions, ancient migrations since pre-Islamic times and early Islam, the early Bedouins of Sham, and the evolution of these tribes over time. Additionally, it describes Bedouin characteristics, social conditions, climate effects on them, and Ibn Khaldun's insights about them, with details on their traditions, occupations, legislation, courts, disputes, and criminal justice.

The second part is devoted to listing and describing each sham tribe in detail, discussing tribes in Damascus, Hauran, Jabal al-Druze, Homs, Lebanese tribes, Latakia, Hama, Aleppo, Jabal Samaan and its districts, Al-Furat province, and Al-Jazeera province. The book concludes with a discussion of non-Arab elements in Sham, such as Kurds, Turkmen, Circassians, Dagestanis, and Chechens.

• Author: Ahmad Wasfi Zakaria
• Publisher: Dar Al Fikr Al Mu'assir - Damascus
• Edition: 8
• Year: 2005
• Pages: 816
• Parts: 1
• Binding: Artistic Binding
• Paper Type: White