Contrary to resistance claims of unifying their countries against foreign adversaries, experiences show that they actually express ongoing civil conflicts. For example, Ireland, being the earliest country known for resistances, is a clear instance where civil war and resistance equate. In France, the resistance was adorned to mask the internal divisions regarding it. In Algeria, resistance became the source of legitimacy for the independent state, leading to Algeria’s struggle with constitutional legitimacy since independence. The author believes that resistances not only intensify conflicts but also, when triumphant, eliminate the possibility of establishing a political life. Legitimacy under resistances emerges from the resistances themselves, causing countries where resistances prevail to suffer from authoritarian regimes in addition to their occupation woes. Hazem Saghieh is a political writer and commentator for the newspaper 'Al-Hayat'. He has published several books on Arab politics and culture, including 'Resurrection of Iraq: Saddam's Power Building and Collapse', 'The Arabs Between Stone and Nuclear: Erosion in Dominant Culture', 'Farewell to Arabism', 'This Is Not a Biography', 'Nasibites and Rāfiḍites', 'Nancy is Not Karl Marx', and 'Memoirs of Randa the Trans'. Published by: Dar Al Saqi. Number of Pages: 216. Year of publication: 2011.