The debate over the eternity of the world has been prolonged between philosophy and religion, witnessing numerous attempts at reconciliation. Influenced by Greek philosophy, particularly Aristotle, who argued that the world is composed of matter, time, and motion, all eternal. One of the most notable disputes in this regard was between Al-Ghazali and Ibn Rushd. Al-Ghazali rejected Aristotle's theory, and rather than merely disapproving, he decreed that those who accepted these ideas were infidels. This presents a grave consequence since, in Islamic tradition, being declared an infidel could warrant death, implying that Al-Ghazali, known as the Proof of Islam, considered Aristotle's philosophy worthy of eradication. On the other hand, philosopher Ibn Rushd defended Aristotle and his philosophy using logical-legal arguments, advocating that philosophy was religiously mandatory for every Muslim. He criticized Al-Ghazali for declaring philosophers infidels over an issue not explicitly addressed by Islamic law or consensus but reliant on interpretation, understandable only by experts in reasoning.

• Publishing house: Dar Al-Tanweer for Printing, Publishing, and Distribution
• Number of Pages: 208
• Year of publication: 2015