• The book discusses the following topics:
• 1. Proteins and Their Engineering
• 2. Concepts in Protein Engineering
• 3. Enzyme Engineering
• 4. Chromosome and Gene Engineering

An introduction to modern trends in biochemistry and its relationship with protein engineering. Biochemistry examines the chemical and physical properties of cell components, the general features of these components' life systems, and provides a precise explanation of these systems. Biochemistry has achieved many milestones, aiding in clarifying drug mechanisms, contributing to the diagnosis and treatment of numerous diseases, and providing techniques to measure the levels of many compounds in a living body. Biochemistry is over a century old and has various specializations. Some relate to the study of materials that make up plant cells (Plant Biochemistry), while those related to animal cells are called (Animal Biochemistry). If the human cell is the subject, whether normal or diseased, it is termed (Clinical Chemistry). Biochemistry has expanded to include physical biochemistry, organic biochemistry, inorganic biochemistry, and nutritional chemistry.

Modern Developments in Nucleic Acid Molecules (The Basis of Protein Engineering):
Nucleic acids are compounds with numerous molecular units, known as the genetic determinants of living organisms. They are composed of building units called nucleotides. Deoxyribonucleotides consist of three parts: deoxyribose sugar, a nitrogenous base, and phosphate. Nucleosides, on the other hand, consist of the sugar and the nitrogenous base. The structural composition of DNA, named the double helix, has played many functional roles and served as a basis for other structures, such as the Z-form (zigzag). Additionally, DNA exists in a circular form in some bacteria and viruses, while in others, it is linear with repetitive ends. Circular DNA molecules are often supercoiled, then termed supercoiled DNA.

1- Nucleosides and Nucleotides:
Nucleosides and nucleotides play distinct roles in many biosynthetic and biocontrol reactions in the living cell. They serve as building blocks for both RNA and DNA in the form of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides, as an energy source in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), part of coenzymes, allosteric regulators of enzymes, and secondary messengers like cyclic AMP (cAMP) and cyclic GMP (cGMP). Many naturally occurring nucleosides have been chemically modified and have become of practical importance, especially in the medical field. This modification involves the ring or sugar part, creating analogs that act as anti-metabolites. Consequently, they can be used to develop compounds that selectively interfere with the functions of viruses or cancer cells. It has recently become clear that only two out of nine recently approved antiviral compounds are non-nucleoside compounds. Nucleoside analogs play an important role in chemotherapy (anti-cancer, anti-viral, anti-bacterial), and in their use for immunotyping or controlling gene expression, which are modern therapeutic trends. Examples include the use of 2',3'-dideoxynucleosides and 3'-azido-deoxythymidine (AZT), which are nucleoside analogs used to inhibit the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) that causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome (AIDS).

2- Nucleoside Analogs and Cancer Chemotherapy:
Nucleoside analogs show selective toxicity against malignant cells because the latter are more sensitive to these compounds than healthy cells. These include pyrimidine and purine nucleosides.

• Number of Pages: 290
• Year of Publication: 2001
• Binding Type: Cardboard
• Edition Number: 1
• Printing Color: Black
• Size (cm): 17x24
• Weight (kg): 0.450
• Barcode: 978995706052X