We often judge a statement we hear as illogical, indicating that it does not align with what we accept with our minds, assuming that what our mind rejects is also rejected by others. However, in reality, the variety of civilizations and the groups within the same civilization means that we might encounter views that differ from ours. Even individuals within the same civilization might not find common ground in what they accept. When each person relies on their individual logic, without a shared standard, achieving agreement becomes impossible, and distinguishing between right and wrong becomes difficult. Without a common understanding of correct reasoning methods and how to avoid mistakes, there is no framework to categorize ideas as right or wrong.

Publishing house: Dar Al-Farabi for Publishing and Distribution Number of Pages: 296 Year of publication: 2018