The debate between culture and translation is spurred by the dramatic shifts in cultural and translation theories in the twentieth century. Cultural forces have exerted their influence in changing the paths of both translation and literary criticism. Translation is no longer a small body in the galaxy of linguistics, although it exists and is formed within linguistic studies. Rather, in cultural studies, it is a cross-cultural communication between languages and cultures. Thus, translation gains its importance not as a practice of transferring equivalents from a source language to a target language, nor as an amusement for enjoyment and companionship subject to the translator's subjective taste and impressions, but as the connecting medium between distant cultures and languages. Therefore, all eras of awareness and advancement in the lives of nations begin with translations.

These papers—as the book's title suggests—are a serious attempt to understand the relationship between culture and translation in a world that is as multilingual and multicultural as it is multi-ethnic, multi-racial, and multi-religious. This translational correspondence is not a frivolous diversion but an investigation into the serious issues of human communication and culture. Despite all the problems that hinder the translator's efforts, translation remains one of the greatest contributions to human consciousness for the mutual understanding of peoples and nations.

The papers strive to perceive the system of relationships between (translation/linguistics), (translation/criticism), and (translation/prose poetry), as well as to monitor the relationship between (translation/the translation process) and link these relationships to the translator's policies and the resulting expression and influence. The papers present visions and venture forward, for adventure is the origin of discovery. Without the early adventures of consciousness that gave us myths, humanity would have remained in its primitive state. These are papers on translation, but also papers of inquiry, discovery, and critical thinking that attempt to clarify the relationship between cultural patterns and patterns of meaning.

Biographical Introduction:

• Graduated from the University of Baghdad, College of Arts, Department of English Language in 1975.
• Obtained a Master's degree in (Literary Stylistics) from the University of Basra, College of Education, Department of English Language in 1997.
• Head of the English Language Department, College of Basic Education, University of Maysan, 2008–2009.
• Published: "The Water Poems: Stylistic Studies in the Poetry of Nizar Qabbani," Dar Al-Farabi, Beirut, 2008.

Publishing House: Dar Al-Farabi for Publishing and Distribution

Number of Pages: 168

Year of Publication: 2010