Legislation related to commercial activities is characterized by flexibility and continuous development to keep pace with the rapid and successive advancements in the field of business and economic activities, which are directly affected by the significant scientific and technological progress the world is experiencing. This book derives its importance from the role that commercial law plays in guiding commercial activity in society and regulating relationships among merchants, whether they are individuals or companies, in our contemporary reality that is witnessing enormous development in various aspects of life, especially in the economic and commercial fields.

It also gains importance from the economic and social role played by commercial companies, especially joint-stock companies, which involves establishing large-scale economic projects that an individual cannot achieve alone. This has made them the ideal tool for economic advancement. The contribution of banks to these projects and investment activities, in addition to e-commerce which has become an important means in business, further highlights its significance.

It is worth noting that the existence of commercial law was not only a result of legislative or technical considerations but also stemmed from practical necessities dictated by special circumstances and a unique environment requiring special provisions. This environment is the commercial one, based on speed and credit, involving increasing competition that operates according to the customs and habits of merchants, which are distinct from the rules governing relationships among others.

Legally, the word 'commerce' has a broader meaning than its economic sense. Economically, it refers to everything related to the circulation and distribution of wealth. Legally, however, commerce also includes industrial operations related to production. The emergence of commercial law rules, independent of civil law, was driven by the circumstances, developments, and practical necessities of economic life. This required a certain group of people (merchants) and a specific type of transaction (commercial acts) to be subject to a distinct legal regulation from that applied to civil transactions. The rules of civil law proved inadequate for regulating commercial transactions, which are based on speed on one hand, and trust and credit on the other. It is observed that civil transactions are always characterized by stability, steadfastness, and deliberation, as individuals usually do not enter into a contract without careful thought about the benefits they will gain.

This is in contrast to the commercial environment, which requires both speed and trust simultaneously. The nature of contracts in commerce is completely different from those in the civil sphere. Consequently, a need arose to provide significant facilities for this type of transaction and for this group of people, both in terms of simplifying legal procedures to facilitate commercial dealings and the conclusion of commercial deals, and in terms of financial and credit facilities that enable merchants to continue their trade. While the rules of commercial law have their own distinct character, they are not completely independent of the rules of civil law, which is considered the basic law for all transactions; therefore, the connection between them is strong.

In this book, we begin in the introductory chapter by defining law in general, explaining its sources and the characteristics of a legal rule, and the relationship of commercial legislation with other branches of law. Law, like other sciences, has its own technical terms. Therefore, it was necessary to start with a preliminary study to understand these legal technical terms, which might be difficult to grasp without a special introduction. We will also cover the principles of commercial law by explaining its concept and sources, theories of commercial acts, the meaning of a merchant, a business, and commercial contracts. This book also deals with the provisions of commercial companies, commercial papers, banking operations, and e-commerce.

This book is distinguished by its focus on the practical application of commercial legislation, keeping up with new legislation and laws that regulate developments in practical life, which keep pace with technological advancements and are affected by international changes. We hope its topics will be useful and beneficial, achieving its intended purpose.

• ISBN: 9789923662441
• Weight: 0.700 kg
• Dimensions: 17x24 cm
• Paper: White
• Pages: 376
• Year of Publication: 2026
• Binding: Hardcover