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Artificial Intelligence: Contemporary Issues - Prof. Dr. Ashraf Abdulmohsen Al-Sharif
JOD
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The use of artificial intelligence technology is a fundamental and effective factor in providing significant and beneficial advantages to society. This technology assists its users, enhances their capabilities, and serves as a source of inspiration in almost all fields. AI also contributes to addressing some of society's important opportunities and challenges, from routine matters to tasks requiring more creativity and innovation.
The ability of artificial intelligence to process information and propose innovative solutions paves the way for unparalleled cooperation between nations, fostering trust and collaboration on a global scale. The world will witness a transformative era as AI enables countries to achieve further progress that promises sustainable development. AI systems can analyze millions of words from books, news sources, magazines, reports, and social media posts from the internet, retrieving information from these sources in a fraction of a second. This is not a prediction but a reality, and whether we accept it or not, we are living in a new global landscape affected by this rapid technological evolution.
We are in urgent need of establishing ethical standards and controls to govern the use of AI technology and to prevent or limit its harmful applications to humans. The book highlights international efforts—by both governments and AI-designing companies—to mitigate the harms of AI technology, such as the efforts by the European Union, UNESCO, and the United Nations, represented by the Montreal Summit, the Bletchley Park Declaration, and others.
These efforts have resulted in the establishment of several ethical standards that countries and technology companies must adhere to, including privacy, non-bias, accountability, and transparency. The author also discusses machine intelligence and its ethics, debating the hypothesis that machines—robots—can possess ethics that mimic human intelligence and ethics, where the machine refuses to perform any action that would harm a human, with the need to define the responsibility of the companies that designed the machine or program if harm occurs from their AI applications.
What distinguishes this book is its approach to artificial intelligence not from a technical perspective, but from ethical, cultural, and philosophical standpoints. These are issues arising from the use of AI applications and their effects on individuals, their identity, their culture, and the general trends of society. It can be said that if researchers can address these issues, we can achieve what is called "rational artificial intelligence." We will be able to rein in technology companies that only look after their material interests, which work towards achieving complete control over humans and moving towards a post-human era, the effects of which on pre-humanity are still unknown.
Finally, the American philosopher and thinker Noam Chomsky says about artificial intelligence: no matter how useful AI programs are in some difficult fields, such as computer science, in the field of culture and creativity, they are incapable of innovation and lack the ability to create. The difference between human and artificial intelligence lies in the fact that the former seeks to derive rational analysis and interpretations based on a clear vision of facts and their dimensions, and their human and ethical impacts, while the latter deals only with the facts placed before it.