In this concise 86-page book published in 2001, Dr. Yusuf al-Qaradawi explores the status, rights, and responsibilities of non-Muslims living in an Islamic society. The work delves into the jurisprudential principles derived from the Quran and Sunnah that guarantee protection, justice, and freedom of belief for minorities. It addresses historical precedents and contemporary challenges, arguing for a framework of citizenship and peaceful coexistence. This paperback edition serves as an essential resource for understanding the classical Islamic perspective on religious pluralism and interfaith relations within the state.