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Pregnancy symptoms are not limited to nausea, fatigue, and exhaustion—varicose veins are also a common condition associated with pregnancy. While they are not usually dangerous, their appearance can be bothersome for some women. They may also be accompanied by itching or pain. Varicose veins commonly appear in the lower half of the body, especially in the legs. In this article, we will explain the causes of varicose veins during pregnancy and how to prevent and manage them. How Do Varicose Veins Develop During Pregnancy? Varicose veins are large, swollen blood vessels that often appear in the legs, but can also occur elsewhere in the lower body, such as the vulva and rectum. They are generally caused by weakened vein walls and valves. Normally, veins contain small one-way valves that allow blood to flow toward the heart and prevent it from flowing backward. When these valves become weak or the vein walls lose elasticity, blood can leak backward, pool in the veins, and cause them to swell—resulting in visible blue or purple bulges. During pregnancy, varicose veins often occur due to the growing uterus pressing on the large vein (inferior vena cava) that carries blood from the legs back to the heart. It's estimated that up to 40% of pregnant women experience varicose veins. What Causes Varicose Veins During Pregnancy? As mentioned, varicose veins are common during pregnancy. Several factors contribute to their development: Hormonal changes: Hormones such as estrogen, progesterone, and relaxin increase during pregnancy. These hormones relax the walls and valves of blood vessels, weakening them and making it easier for blood to pool. Genetics: A family history of varicose veins increases your likelihood of developing them during pregnancy. If your mother or grandmother had varicose veins during pregnancy, you’re more likely to experience them too. Weight gain: Natural weight gain during pregnancy puts extra pressure on veins, especially in the legs, making it harder for blood to return to the heart and increasing the chance of valve malfunction. Prolonged standing: Jobs or chores that require standing for long periods increase the risk of varicose veins, as blood struggles to flow back upward from the legs when standing for too long. Growing uterus: As the uterus expands, it can compress veins in the pelvic area, leading to poor valve function and vein swelling. When Do Varicose Veins Appear During Pregnancy? Varicose veins can develop at any stage of pregnancy but typically become more visible and pronounced as the uterus grows—usually starting in the second trimester and worsening as the due date approaches. In the third trimester, the pressure on the veins is at its peak, which often exacerbates the condition. What Are the Symptoms of Varicose Veins During Pregnancy? While some women may only notice their appearance, varicose veins can also cause the following symptoms: Leg pain Heaviness in the legs Swelling and skin discoloration Itching or burning sensation Leg cramps Symptoms tend to worsen with prolonged standing but improve when lying down and elevating the legs. How to Treat Varicose Veins During Pregnancy The good news is that varicose veins often shrink or disappear within a few months to a year after childbirth. Most pregnant women do not need treatment, but the condition can be managed and its progression slowed through simple daily habits: Take regular breaks to move around if sitting or standing for long periods. Elevate your feet when resting to improve blood flow back to the heart. Avoid crossing your legs while sitting. Do light daily exercises (such as walking for 15 minutes) after consulting your doctor. Sleep on your left side to reduce pressure on the vena cava, which lies on the right side of the body. Reduce salt intake to prevent fluid retention and swelling. Wear loose-fitting clothes, especially around the upper legs and waist. Avoid tight belts, elastic bands, and high heels. Follow a healthy, balanced diet to nourish your baby without excessive weight gain. Take prenatal vitamins as prescribed—especially those containing Vitamin C, which supports the production of collagen and elastin for healthy blood vessels. Consider wearing compression stockings after medical consultation. These specially designed stockings gently compress the legs, helping blood return to the heart and reducing discomfort and swelling. Avoid regular tight socks that may worsen the condition. Note: Surgery for varicose veins is not recommended during pregnancy. It’s best to wait at least a year postpartum to see if the veins resolve naturally. Consult your doctor if: Veins become red, swollen, warm, or tender. You notice a rash around the leg or ankle. The skin color changes or thickens.