In this seminal work, renowned Orientalist David Samuel Margoliouth delves into the complex relationship between Arab tribes and the Jewish communities of ancient Arabia before Islam's emergence. Drawing on historical sources, including pre-Islamic poetry and Jewish texts, Margoliouth meticulously reconstructs the social, political, and cultural dynamics that defined their interactions. The book explores periods of alliance, trade, cultural exchange, and conflict, offering a foundational scholarly perspective on the deep-rooted historical connections that shaped the region long before the 7th century.