Naguib Mahfouz's 'Before the Throne' (Imam al-Arsh) is an allegorical novel that transports readers to a celestial court where various Egyptian rulers, from ancient pharaohs to contemporary presidents, stand trial before a divine tribunal. Through a series of profound dialogues, Mahfouz meticulously examines their legacies, decisions, and the impact of their rule on the nation's destiny. The novel explores timeless themes of power, justice, governance, and the cyclical nature of history, offering a critical and contemplative perspective on leadership and societal evolution. It is a brilliant philosophical work that prompts deep reflection on the responsibilities of those in power and the enduring narrative of Egypt's journey.