Kalīlah wa-Dimnah, often attributed to the legendary Indian sage Bidpai, is a classic collection of animal fables that originated in ancient India. This timeless work, masterfully translated and adapted into Arabic by Ibn al-Muqaffa' in the 8th century, uses its animal protagonists to impart profound moral and political lessons. Through intricate narratives and allegories, it explores themes of wisdom, cunning, loyalty, treachery, and governance, offering insights into human nature and societal dynamics. Its enduring popularity across cultures testifies to its universal appeal and philosophical depth.