In this seminal work, renowned historian of science George Sarton meticulously examines the deep-rooted connections between the scientific inquiries of antiquity and the foundations of our modern world. Sarton argues that understanding the history of science is essential for appreciating contemporary civilization. He guides readers through the major scientific achievements of ancient cultures, demonstrating how their discoveries and methodologies laid the groundwork for subsequent progress. This book is a powerful testament to the cumulative nature of knowledge and the unbreakable chain linking past innovators with present-day society.