Kaffarah (expiation) for fasting is compensation for breaking the fast in Ramadan if it occurs unjustifiably. There are cases that require expiation, and these may vary depending on the circumstances that led to the breaking of the fast. Cases that require expiation: Intercourse during the daytime in Ramadan: If a person has intercourse with his wife during the daytime in Ramadan while fasting, expiation is obligatory. The person must do the following: Fasting for two consecutive months: If a person is unable to fast, such as because they are ill or elderly, the expiation is to feed 60 poor people (each poor person receives a mudd of food, which is approximately 750 grams of local food). Intentionally eating or drinking: If a person intentionally eats or drinks during the daytime in Ramadan, they must make up the fast on another day, and in some cases, they must perform expiation. However, in most cases, it is sufficient to make up the day on which they broke the fast. Other cases that do not require expiation: Breaking the fast due to illness or travel: In these cases, the days that were broken must be made up after Ramadan, and there is no expiation. Mistake or Forgetfulness: If a person eats or drinks by mistake or unintentionally, their fast is not invalidated, and no expiation is required. Different Opinions on Expiation: There are differences of opinion among scholars regarding certain cases, but the most widely accepted opinion is that expiation is required for intentional sexual intercourse during the daytime in Ramadan, or for breaking the fast unlawfully for other specific reasons. Conclusion: Expiation is required for intentional sexual intercourse during the daytime in Ramadan or for breaking the fast due to intentional eating or drinking. Expiation is to fast for two consecutive months or feed 60 poor people if the person is unable to fast. If you are in a specific situation and would like to know more about the ruling on expiation, it is best to consult a local religious scholar for an expert opinion on the matter.