Rudolf Strothmann's seminal work, 'The Twelver Shi'a in the Time of the Mongols,' meticulously explores the complex existence and intellectual development of the Twelver Shi'a community during one of history's most tumultuous periods. This book delves into how the Shi'a adapted, survived, and even thrived under Mongol rule, navigating the political upheavals and religious challenges. It examines the intricate relationship between the Shi'a clerical establishment and the Mongol conquerors, revealing the strategies employed to preserve their identity and faith. Strothmann's research sheds light on theological discourse, social structures, and the political maneuvering that allowed Twelver Shi'ism to not only endure but also lay foundations for future influence, making it essential reading for scholars of Islamic history and religious studies.