Theodor W. Adorno's 'Negative Dialectics' is a monumental work of 20th-century critical theory that challenges the foundations of Western philosophy. Adorno launches a powerful critique against 'identity thinking'—the tendency of concepts to dominate and erase the uniqueness of their objects. He proposes a new form of dialectics that resists easy synthesis, instead dwelling on contradiction and the 'non-identical' to expose how abstract thought can mirror societal oppression. This dense and profound text argues for a mode of thinking that remains faithful to the particularity and suffering that conventional philosophical systems often ignore, making it a cornerstone of post-Hegelian thought.