Dive into one of the most seminal intellectual confrontations of the 20th century: the groundbreaking 1971 debate between linguist and political activist Noam Chomsky and philosopher Michel Foucault. Held in the Netherlands and moderated by Fons Elder, this book captures their profound discussion on the perennial question of human nature, justice, power, and the role of the intellectual. Chomsky, advocating for an inherent, universal human nature, clashes with Foucault's skeptical view of fixed essences, emphasizing the historical and social construction of knowledge and power. This volume, featuring an insightful introduction by John Rachman, offers readers a unique opportunity to witness two intellectual giants grappling with fundamental philosophical and political concepts that continue to resonate today, making it essential reading for anyone interested in philosophy, politics, and the history of ideas.