Authored by Inas Saadi Abdullah, this insightful book delves into the pivotal period of modern Iraqi history, spanning from the fall of Baghdad to the Mongols in 1258 until the end of Ottoman rule in 1918. It meticulously explores the political, social, and economic transformations that shaped Iraq during these centuries. Readers will gain a profound understanding of the various dynasties, external influences, and internal developments, including the Mamluk and Ottoman eras, which laid the groundwork for contemporary Iraq. The narrative offers a detailed examination of the intricate dynamics that led to significant shifts in power and identity, making it an essential resource for students and scholars interested in the region's complex past.