In 'How Syria Transformed from a Rogue to a Failed State,' Robert I. Rotberg meticulously examines the tumultuous trajectory of Syria, tracing its decline from an authoritarian but functional 'rogue' state to a deeply fragmented and collapsed 'failed' state. This insightful analysis delves into the internal and external factors—including political mismanagement, economic decay, sectarian divisions, and regional interventions—that precipitated Syria's catastrophic disintegration. Rotberg offers a critical perspective on the consequences of state failure, highlighting its profound humanitarian, geopolitical, and security implications for the wider Middle East and international community. This book is essential reading for understanding the complex dynamics that led to one of the 21st century's most devastating conflicts.