Hannah Arendt's "On Violence" is a seminal philosophical inquiry into the nature, causes, and functions of violence in the modern political landscape. Originally published in 1970, this influential essay distinguishes between power, strength, force, authority, and violence, arguing that violence often emerges when power is lost or perceived to be inadequate. Arendt challenges prevailing notions that equate violence with power, asserting that while violence can destroy power, it can never create it. She explores the theoretical justifications for violence, including its role in revolutionary movements, and critically examines the arguments for its necessity and legitimacy. This work remains highly relevant for understanding contemporary political phenomena, offering profound insights into the complex relationship between means and ends in political action and the inherent dangers of instrumentalizing force.