In this seminal work, renowned historian Abd al-Aziz al-Duri presents a foundational study of the early period of Islamic history. The book meticulously examines the political, social, economic, and religious developments from the time of the Prophet Muhammad through the Rashidun Caliphate. Al-Duri employs a critical and analytical methodology, making this an essential text for students and scholars seeking a deep understanding of the formative years of the Islamic civilization. It is a cornerstone of modern Arab historiography on the subject.